Ezweni lefilosofi, uPlato noSocrates amagama amabili ahlala eshiwo. Bobabili babhekwa njengabangqondongqondo abakhulu futhi bashiye ifa elibalulekile emlandweni womcabango womuntu. Naphezu kwalokhu, kukhona ukudideka mayelana nokwehluka phakathi kwabo. Kulesi sihloko sizochaza umehluko omkhulu phakathi kukaPlato noSocrates.
Plato
UPlato wazalelwa e-Athens ngo-427 BC Wayengomunye wabafundi abavelele bakaSocrates futhi umsebenzi wakhe wokubhala waziwa kabanzi. U-Plato wabhala ngezihloko ezihlukahlukene, kusukela kwezombusazwe kuya ku-metaphysics, futhi umsebenzi wakhe ufundwe futhi wahlaziywa izazi zefilosofi zayo yonke iminyaka.
Umhlaba Wemibono
Omunye wemibono kaPlato eyinhloko iyithiyori yemibono noma umhlaba wemibono. NgokukaPlato, kukhona izwe lemibono noma amafomu aphelele azimele ngaphandle kwezwe elibonakalayo esilibona ngezinzwa zethu. Lo mhlaba wemibono wumhlaba wangempela wangempela futhi izinto esizibona ngezinzwa zethu ziyizithunzi kuphela noma ukulingisa okungaphelele kwalezi zindlela.
La República
Omunye umsebenzi obalulekile kaPlato yiRiphabhulikhi, lapho ebeka khona umbono wakhe wobulungiswa kanye nombono wakhe wohulumeni olungile. UPlato wayekholelwa embusweni oholwa izazi zefilosofi, ngoba wayecabanga ukuthi yizo kuphela ezikwaziyo ukwazi izinhlobo eziphelele ngakho zingabusa ngendlela engcono kakhulu.
USocrates
USocrates wazalelwa e-Athene ngo-470 BC futhi uthathwa njengomunye wabasunguli befilosofi yaseNtshonalanga. Ngokungafani noPlato, akazange ashiye izincwadi ezilotshiwe futhi konke okwaziwayo ngaye kuvela emibhalweni yabafundi bakhe, ikakhulukazi uPlato.
I-Mayeutics
Iqhaza elikhulu likaSocrates kufilosofi indlela yakhe yokufundisa eyaziwa ngokuthi i-maieutics. Le ndlela yayihilela ukubuza imibuzo ukuze isize abafundi bazitholele iqiniso ngokwabo. USocrates wayekholelwa ukuthi sonke sinolwazi ngaphakathi kwethu futhi sidinga nje othile ongasisiza ukuba sikuveze ekukhanyeni.
I-Socratic Irony
Esinye isici esibalulekile sikaSocrates indida kaSocrates. USocrates wasebenzisa indida ukuze enze labo ababexoxa naye babone ukuphikisana nokulinganiselwa kwabo. Ngale ndlela, wabasiza ukuba bazitholele iqiniso ngokwabo.
Umehluko Phakathi kukaPlato noSocrates
Nakuba uPlato ayengumfundi kaSocrates futhi ephefumulelwe izimfundiso zakhe, kunomehluko obalulekile phakathi kwazo:
- Ukubhala: Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kukaPlato noSocrates ukuthi uPlato washiya inqwaba yezincwadi ezilotshiwe, kuyilapho uSocrates engashiyi neyodwa.
- Ithiyori Yemibono: Omunye umehluko obalulekile imfundiso kaPlato yemibono. Nakuba uSocrates egxile ekuziphatheni nasekuziphatheni, uPlato wasungula inkolelo-mbono eyinkimbinkimbi ye- metaphysical.
- Indlela: USocrates wasebenzisa ama-maieutics ukuze asize abafundi bakhe bathole iqiniso ngokwabo, kuyilapho uPlato egxile kakhulu ekudaluleni imibono yakhe ngezingxoxo.
- Umbono Wezepolitiki: UPlato wayekholelwa esimweni esiphethwe izazi zefilosofi, kuyilapho uSocrates engenawo umbono ocacile wezombangazwe futhi wagxila kakhulu ezimisweni zokuziphatha nokuziphatha.
Isiphetho
Kafushane, uPlato noSocrates bangongqondongqondo ababili abakhulu abashiye ifa elibalulekile emlandweni wefilosofi. Nakuba babelane ngemibono ethile, njengokubaluleka kokucabanga kanye nolwazi, kukhona futhi umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwabo. U-Plato wagxila kakhulu embonweni we-metaphysical nakwezombangazwe, kuyilapho uSocrates egxile kakhulu ekuziphatheni nasekuziphatheni.
USocrates, uPlato no-Aristotle.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MwIgfVs6C9s
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Thola umehluko phakathi kwezazi zefilosofi ezimbili ezinethonya elikhulu emlandweni!
1. Babengobani uPlato noSocrates?
UPlato noSocrates babeyizazi zefilosofi ezimbili zamaGreki ezaziphila ngezikhathi ezihlukahlukene emlandweni. USocrates wayenguthisha kaPlato, naye owayezoba uthisha ka-Aristotle. Bobabili babhekwa njengezibalo eziyisisekelo emlandweni wefilosofi yaseNtshonalanga.
2. Yimuphi umehluko omkhulu phakathi kukaPlato noSocrates?
Nakuba uPlato ayengumfundi kaSocrates, imibono yabo iyahluka ezicini eziningi. Nakuba uSocrates egxile kubantu nasebudlelwaneni babo nobuhle, uPlato wakhuluma ngezindikimba ezibanzi, ezinjengobukhona bomhlaba kanye nemvelo yeqiniso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uPlato wathuthukisa inkolelo-mbono yakhe yezindlela, kuyilapho uSocrates engazange ashiye noma iyiphi incwadi ebhaliwe.
3. Ithini inkolelo-mbono kaPlato yamafomu?
Umbono kaPlato wamafomu uthi izinto esizibonayo emhlabeni ziyizithunzi kuphela noma amakhophi angaphelele ezinhlobo eziphelele, ezingaguquki ezikhona ezweni elingabonakali, elingabonakali. Isibonelo, ku-Plato, ubuhle abuhlali entweni ethile, kodwa kuwumbono wendawo yonke okhona kulo mhlaba ongaqondakali.
4. USocrates wamthonya kanjani uPlato?
USocrates wayenguthisha nogqozi lukaPlato. Ifilosofi kaSocrates, egxile ekuziphatheni nasebuhleni, yaba nethonya elikhulu emsebenzini kaPlato. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isigwebo sentambo sikaSocrates seziphathimandla zase-Athene sashiya uphawu olujulile kuyifilosofi kaPlato, owazinikela ekuhloleni izimbangela zokungabi nabulungisa nokucindezela.
5. Liyini ifa likaPlato noSocrates?
Ifa likaPlato noSocrates alinakulinganiswa. Imibono yakhe iye yathonya ifilosofi yaseNtshonalanga, ezombangazwe, inkolo, namasiko iminyaka engaphezu kuka-2000. Izimfundiso zakhe zisaqhubeka zitadishwa futhi kuphikiswana ngazo emhlabeni wonke, futhi ithonya lakhe lisabonakala nanamuhla.
- Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngoSocrates, ungabheka lesi sihloko esivela kuyi-Encyclopedia Britannica: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Socrates
- Uma ufuna ukujula embonweni kaPlato wamafomu, sincoma ukuthi ufunde lesi sihloko ku-Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/plato-metaphysics/#TheFor
- Le vidiyo ye-TED-Ed ichaza ifilosofi kaSocrates ngendlela ecacile nefinyelelekayo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VX2vLjQbDwQ
Ukuvala
UPlato noSocrates bangabantu ababili ababalulekile emlandweni wefilosofi yaseNtshonalanga. Nakuba befana ngokufana okuthile, imibono yabo iyahluka ezicini eziningi. Ifa lakhe lisasebenza nanamuhla futhi ithonya lakhe lidlulela emikhakheni efana nepolitiki, inkolo namasiko. Sithemba ukuthi lo mhlahlandlela ukusizile ukuthi uqonde kangcono umehluko phakathi kwalaba bacabangi ababili abakhulu.
Yabelana kanye Nombono
Ingabe usithandile lesi sihloko? Yabelana ngayo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ozithandayo ukuze abantu abaningi bafunde ngalezi zibalo ezimbili ezibalulekile zefilosofi! Uma unemibuzo noma imibono, zizwe ukhululekile ukuyishiya ngezansi. Singathanda ukwazi umbono wakho!
