Izinganekwane zaseGibhithe bezilokhu zivusa isithakazelo esikhulu ngezindaba zayo ezigcwele izimpawu nokujula. Kuzo zonke, inganekwane yendalo igqama njengenye yezindaba ezixoxwayo ezithakazelisa kakhulu. Le nganekwane ayigcini nje ngokuchaza ukuthi indawo yonke yavela kanjani ngokwezinkolelo zaseGibhithe lasendulo, kodwa nokuthi onkulunkulu baba nendima ebalulekile kanjani kuleyo nqubo. Akumangazi ukuthi lezi zindaba zisaqhubeka nokuthatha izazi-mlando kanye nabantu abanelukuluku lokwazi kuze kube namuhla.
IGibhithe lasendulo lalinikeza izinguqulo ezihlukahlukene zemvelaphi yendawo yonke. Izinganekwane zabo zazixhumene ngokujulile nenkolo nezimiso eziyisisekelo zokuphila, futhi nakuba zazibonakala ziphikisana, zazihlala ndawonye ngokuvumelana okuphelele. Ngezansi, sizohlola ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi abaseGibhithe bakhulelwa kanjani ukuzalwa kwendawo yonke, onkulunkulu, nobuntu.
Ulwandle lokuqala nonkulunkulu bokuqala
Ngombono wezwe waseGibhithe, ukuqala kwakho konke kwaphawulwa indawo enkulu yamanzi amnyama, anganyakazi okuthiwa I-Nun. Lolu lwandle lwasekuqaleni lwaluyizinxushunxushu futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo amandla ayo yonke indalo. Kuyo kwavela igquma lokuqala, elaziwa ngokuthi i UBen Ben, eyafeza indima ebalulekile njengendawo okwaqala kuyo ukuphila.
Kuye ngesiko elithile, unkulunkulu ongumdali wavela kuleli gquma. Ku I-HeliopolisNgokwesibonelo, inganekwane ithi Atum, unkulunkulu welanga, wavela yedwa. U-Atum wayeyisiqalo nesiphetho. Ngokusho kwezinguqulo, washaya indlwabu noma wakhafulela UBen Ben ukunikeza ukuphila konkulunkulu Shu, ehambisana nomoya, kanye I-Tefnut, kuxhunywe nomswakama. UShu noTefnut bona bazala geb (umhlaba) kanye nut (ezulwini), ababengaba abazali baka Osiris, Isis, Seth y Nephthys, onkulunkulu abaziwa kakhulu bezithixo zaseGibhithe.
Kwamanye amadolobha like I-Hermopolis, indalo inombono ohlukile. Onkulunkulu abayisishiyagalombili bokuqala bazalelwa lapho, abaziwa ngokuthi Ogdoad, ababemelela isiphithiphithi sokuqala. Laba nkulunkulu babenesimo sowesilisa namakhanda amaxoxo kanye nesimo sesifazane esinamakhanda enyoka. I-Ogdoad yazala iqanda le-cosmic okwavela kulo unkulunkulu umdali, okungenzeka ukuthi ngokwenganekwane Thot o I-Aten.
Ukudala kwaphezulu kwamanye amasiko
Izinganekwane zaseGibhithe nazo zinikeza ezinye izinguqulo ezithakazelisayo zendalo. Ku IMemphis, unkulunkulu Ptah ithatha ingqikithi yendaba. Ngokwale nganekwane, uPtah wanikeza indawo yonke ukuphila ngezwi nangobuhlakani bakhe. Wacabanga ngezinto ezisenhliziyweni yakhe (Hu) futhi wabenza bagcwaliseka ngomyalezo wakhe womlomo (Sia). Lo mqondo onamandla ugqamisa ukubaluleka kwe ulimi futhi i inhloso endalweni, into evela kwamanye amasiko njengeBhayibheli.
Elinye isiko elifanele yileli lika I-Tebas, lapho umdali ekhona U-Amoni, ebizwa ngokuthi "efihliwe." U-Amun wayengeyena nje unkulunkulu wendawo waseThebes, kodwa futhi omunye wonkulunkulu abanethonya elikhulu ngesikhathi soMbuso Omusha. Le nganekwane ixhuma u-Amun nelanga futhi imveze njengokhokho wendawo yonke kanye nonkulunkulu.
Edolobheni Esna, ngakolunye uhlangothi, yagqamisa inkolo ye Khnum, unkulunkulu onekhanda lenqama owabumba abantu esondweni lombumbi. Le ndaba imchaza njengomdali wakho kokubili imizimba yenyama nemiphefumulo, eyinika eyakhe ka. Esna, unkulunkulukazi Neith Ubuye abonakale njengomdali, okugqamisa ukuthi e-Egypt ngisho nezibalo zabesifazane zazibambe iqhaza elibalulekile ku-genesis yendawo yonke.
Indima yamadoda endaweni yonke yaseGibhithe
Onkulunkulu abadalanga indawo yonke kuphela, kodwa futhi nabantu. Ngokwezinkolelo zaseGibhithe, kwakunjalo Khnum owabumba abantu esondweni lombumbi wakhe. Lo nkulunkulu wayengaphethe nje kuphela ukubanika isimo somzimba, kodwa futhi nokubanika kwabo ka. I ka zifanekisela i amandla abalulekile futhi kwakubaluleke ngokukhethekile koFaro, ababebhekwa njengezidalwa zaphezulu.
Ukudalwa kwabantu kwaxhunyaniswa nesidingo sokugcina ukuhleleka kwendawo yonke noma Maat, umqondo oyinhloko esikweni laseGibhithe owawumelela i ukuvumelana phakathi konkulunkulu, imvelo kanye nobuntu. KwabaseGibhithe, oFaro babengebona ababusi kuphela, kodwa labalamuli phakathi konkulunkulu nabantu, abanomthwalo wemfanelo wokuqinisekisa lokhu kuzinza kwe-cosmic.
Ukunotha kwezinganekwane nokuhlukahlukana
Esinye sezici ezithakasela kakhulu izinganekwane zokudala eGibhithe ukuthi, nakuba kwakukhona ukungezwani phakathi kwezinguqulo, azizange zithathwe njengeziphikisana. Isiko ngalinye lalixhumene nalo indawo engcwele noma idolobha lapho leli hlelo lenzeka khona, okuchaza ukuthi kungani onkulunkulu abadali abahlukahlukene baphila ndawonye. Lobu buningi benkolo buneqhaza ekuhlukeni kwezinganekwane zaseGibhithe.
Esinye isici esiphawulekayo yindlela abaseGibhithe ababemelela ngayo izinkolelo zabo ezintweni ezibonakalayo. Yena I-Nun, ngokwesibonelo, ayizange iphele ngemva kokudalwa, kodwa yaqhubeka ifanekisela isiphithiphithi esingaphandle kwendawo yonke eyaziwayo. Ngakho-ke, amathempeli ayevame ukuba namachibi angcwele ayemelela la manzi asendulo.
Izinganekwane zendalo zaseGibhithe zingaphezu nje kwezindaba. Akha iwindi lendlela abantu basendulo ababeqonda ngayo imvelaphi yokuphila nendawo yako endaweni yonke, okuphawula ngokujulile amasiko nenkolo yabo.
- Ezinganekwaneni zaseGibhithe, isiphithiphithi sokuqala sasimelelwe ulwandle olubizwa ngokuthi I-Nun.
- Amadolobha ahlukene ayenezinguqulo ezihlukile zonkulunkulu abadali, njengalezi Atum, U-Amoni o Ptah.
- Ukudalwa kwabantu nendawo yonke kugcizelela ubudlelwano phakathi konkulunkulu kanye i-cosmic order.
Njengoba uhlola lezi zindaba, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungazizwa uthakaselwa ubuhlakani nokujula kwezinganekwane zaseGibhithe. Ngenhlanganisela yayo ecebile ye uphawu, ingokomoya y ubuciko, iyaqhubeka iwumthombo ongashi wogqozi nokutadisha.
