I-Mars: UNkulunkulu Wempi Ezinganekwaneni ZaseRoma

I-Mars, unkulunkulu wempi emlandweni wamaRoma, ungomunye wonkulunkulu ababaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwebandla laseRoma lasendulo. Isibalo sakhe sihlotshaniswa nempi, ukuvikelwa kwedolobha futhi, kwamanye amasiko, nezolimo. Ngokungafani nozakwabo ongumGreki u-Ares, iMars yayibhekwa njengonkulunkulu onengqondo kakhudlwana, ehlangene hhayi nje kuphela nezingxabano kodwa futhi nokukhula koMbuso WaseRoma. Ukuba khona kwawo kwadlulela nasezindaweni eziningi zokuphila kwamaRoma, kusukela enkolweni kuya kwesamasosha.

Lesi sihloko sicubungula ngesibalo se-Mars, ekhuluma ngemvelaphi yayo, izinganekwane zayo ezimele kakhulu kanye nokubaluleka kwayo esikweni lamaRoma. Sizophinde sihlole imikhosi yokumhlonipha, ubudlelwano bakhe noVenus kanye nendima ebalulekile ayidlalile ekusungulweni kweRoma. Ukwazi ingqikithi ye-Mars kuwukuqonda esinye sezisekelo zemibono lapho amandla amakhulu ezempi namasiko oMbuso WaseRoma akhiwa khona.

Umsuka nokuzalwa kwe-Mars

UMars wayeyindodana ka Jupiter futhi Juno, nakuba ezinye izinguqulo zibonisa ukuthi uJuno wamkhulelwa ngaphandle kokungenelela kowesilisa. Kuthiwa wasebenzisa imbali yomlingo eyanikezwa uFlora, eyavumela ukukhulelwa kwakhe ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuhlangana noJupiter. Le ndaba ixoxwa ngu-Ovid emsebenzini wakhe Izila, futhi iqinisa ukuxhumana kwe-Mars nokuzala nemvelo.

Unkulunkulu wakhuliswa futhi wafundiswa ama-Titans, afaka kuye ubuciko bempi namasu ezempi. Ukukhulela kwakhe endaweni enzima nokuqeqeshwa kwakhe nababusi basendulo bomhlaba kwenza iMars yaba uchwepheshe wokulwa nomkhuzi, izici ezawunikeza indima ebalulekile empini nasekuvikelweni kweRoma.

Mars kanye nokusungulwa kweRoma

Enye yezinganekwane ezibaluleke kakhulu lapho i-Mars idlala khona indima ebalulekile yileyo isisekelo saseRoma. Ngokwesiko, iMars yazala uRomulus noRemus ngoRhea Silvia, umpristikazi waseVestal. Unkulunkulu, ethathekile ngale ntokazi, wakwazi ukuyikhulelisa futhi kule nyunyana yazalwa amawele okwathi ngemva kokulahlwa nokunceliswa yimpisi, athola umuzi waseRoma.

Le ndaba ayigcini nje ngokugcizelela ukubaluleka kwe-Mars ngaphakathi kwezinganekwane zamaRoma, kodwa futhi imenza abe ngumuntu ubaba ongokomfanekiso wabantu baseRoma. IRoma, umbuso owakhiwa ngempi nokunqoba, yayineMars njengomvikeli wayo omkhulu nomqondisi.

IMars nobudlelwano bayo neVenus

Esinye seziqephu ezidume kakhulu zezinganekwane zamaRoma yindaba yothando phakathi kweMars kanye Venus, unkulunkulukazi wothando nobuhle. UVenus, umkaVulcan, wawela ezingalweni zikankulunkulu wempi, okwabangela ihlazo elikhulu e-Olympus. UVulcan, lapho ezwa ngokuphinga, wakha ugibe lokudalula izithandwa kwabanye onkulunkulu.

Kulobu budlelwano kwazalwa izibalo ezimbili ezimele impi: Escape naseTimor, onkulunkulu bokwethuka nokwesaba empini. Ngale nsumansumane, amaRoma ayihlobanisa impi kuphela ngamasu namandla, kodwa futhi inkanuko nesifiso.

Imikhosi nemikhosi yokuhlonipha i-Mars

I-Mars yayingomunye wonkulunkulu abahlonishwa kakhulu eRoma, futhi imikhosi eminingi yayigujwa ngokuhlonishwa kwakhe, ikakhulukazi ngo-March no-October, izinyanga ezibalulekile zemikhankaso yezempi. Phakathi kwemikhuba ebaluleke kakhulu yilezi:

• I-Equirria: Egujwa ngo-February 27 nango-March 14, yayihlanganisa imijaho yamahhashi yokudumisa unkulunkulu.
• I-Agonalia: Wenzeka ngo-March 17 futhi wawuhlanganisa imihlatshelo yezilwane ukuze uthole isivikelo se-Mars.
• Ihhashi lika-Okthoba: Lo mkhuba wawugujwa ngo-Okthoba 15 futhi wawuhilela umhlatshelo wehhashi ngokuhlonishwa kwakhe ngemva komjaho wezinqola ze-Field of Mars.
• I-Armilustrium: Wenzeka ngo-Okthoba 19 futhi wawuhlanganisa izikhali zokuhlanza ngaphambi kokuzigcinela ubusika.

Le mikhosi ikhombisa Ubuhlobo obuseduze bukaMars nempi nokuvikelwa kweRoma, okubonisa indlela inkolo yakhe eyayihlotshaniswa ngayo ngokoqobo nekhalenda lezempi nelenkolo ledolobha.

I-Iconography ye-Mars

I-Mars yayivame ukumelwa njenge- iqhawe elinamandla, ehlome ngomkhonto nesigqoko. Ezikhathini eziningi, waboniswa nezilwane zakhe ezimbili ezingcwele: the lobo, uma kubhekiselwa ku-she-wolf eyayinakekela uRomulus noRemus, kanye umuthi wokhuni, okwathi ngokwesiko, nabo basiza ukondla amawele.

Unkulunkulu wayevame ukuvela ezinhlamvu zemali yangaleso sikhathi, emifanekisweni nasezifanekisweni eziqoshiwe zasethempelini, egcizelela ukuhlobana kwakhe nobuntu baseRoma. Ngaphakathi kweForamu ka-Augustus, i Ithempeli laseMarsu Ultor, okwakukhokhwa kuyo inkokhiso kunkulunkulu njengomphindiseli weRoma.

Amagama nezimfanelo ze-Mars

Kuwo wonke uMbuso WaseRoma, i-Mars yathola iziqu ezihlukene kanye neziqephu eziya ngomongo lapho ecelwe khona:

• I-Mars Ultor: "Umphindiseli", isihloko esanikezwa ngu-Augustus ngemva kokubuyisela izindinganiso zamaRoma.
• I-Mars Gradivus: Okuhambisana nokumasha kwamabutho.
• I-Mars Quirinus: Endimeni yakhe njengomvikeli wezakhamuzi zaseRoma.

Lezi zici zigqamisa ukuthi iMars yayingeyena nje unkulunkulu wempi, kodwa unkulunkulu onomuntu ithonya elibanzi kwezombangazwe, inkolo namasiko amaRoma.

Inkolo ye-Mars yayiyinsika ebalulekile yobunikazi bamaRoma, ehlanganisa amanani isiyalo, isibindi nokunqoba kwezempi. Ifa layo lihlala likhona kumasiko aseNtshonalanga, kusukela egameni leplanethi i-Mars kuya kumagama anjengokuthi "impi," ahlobene nempi namandla.