- Unkulunkulukazi uFortuna wayewuphawu lwenhlanhla nokuchuma eRoma lasendulo.
- Wayekhulekelwa emathempelini amaningi kanye nokunxusa okuningi ngokomsebenzi wakhe.
- Kwadlala indima ebalulekile empilweni yomphakathi neyangasese, ngama-altare asekhaya nezindawo ezingcwele eziyisikhumbuzo.
- Inkolo yakhe yavela ukuze ithonye inqubomgomo yombuso kanye nemikhosi ethandwayo.
Unkulunkulukazi uFortuna ubengomunye wonkulunkulu abahlonishwa kakhulu eRoma lasendulo, enza samuntu ibhadi, the ikusasa futhi i ukuchuma. Inkolo yakhe yasabalala kuwo wonke uMbuso WaseRoma, inezinkulumo eziningi namathempeli anikezelwe kuye. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwayo esikhathini sobukhosi kuze kube sekuveleni kwayo enkolweni yobukhosi, iFortuna yayifanekisela kokubili ithemba njenge ukungazinzi wempilo yomuntu.
Kuwo wonke umlando, isithombe sakhe siye savela, kusukela ekubeni unkulunkulukazi ovikelayo wekhaya nokuba umama kuya ekubeni uphawu lwamandla futhi i ubukhosi. Ukuba khona kwakhe kwakuphawuleka enkolweni, kwezombusazwe kanye nokuphila kwansuku zonke kwamaRoma, ayefuna umusa wakhe ukuze aqinisekise uphumelele y inhlalakahle.
Umsuka nokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwehlelo likankulunkulukazi uFortuna
Inkolo kaFortuna ihlehlela emuva ezinsukwini zaseRoma futhi kukholakala ukuthi kwakuyiNkosi uServius Tullius owakhuthaza kakhulu ukuhlonishwa kwakhe. Ngokwesiko, le nkosi yayinobuhlobo obukhethekile nonkulunkulukazi, okwakuyomvumela ukuba afinyelele esihlalweni sobukhosi futhi abuse naye. uphumelele iminyaka emi-44.
Kusukela ekuqaleni, uFortuna wayehlotshaniswa nokuzala nokuba ngumama, okumhlobanisa nonkulunkulukazi wamaGreki uTyché. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isibalo sakhe savumelana nezidingo ze- Umphakathi wamaRoma, ukuthola ukukhulumela okuhlukahlukene kuye ngomsebenzi owawudlala ekuphileni kwabantu.
Izincomo eziyinhloko zikankulunkulukazi uFortuna
UFortuna uthole izeluleko eziningi, ngayinye ine- inhloso ethize emphakathini waseRoma:
- I-Primeval Fortune: Wayekhulekelwa ePraeneste, wayebhekwa njengomvikeli wezingane ezisanda kuzalwa. Ihlelo lakhe lalihlanganisa nokubona isiprofetho esisekelwe ekukhipheni izibhebhe zokhuni ngesandla somntwana.
- I-Fortune Muliebris: Ngokuxhumene nempilo yabesifazane, yayivikela abesifazane abashadile futhi ibasize endimeni yabo ekhaya nasemphakathini.
- I-Fortuna Virilis:Nakuba igama lakhe lisikisela ubudlelwano namadoda, empeleni wayengunkulunkulu wesifazane owayecelwe abesifazane ukuze baqinisekise ubuhlobo obuhle nabayeni babo.
- Fors Fortune: Okunye kokukhulumela okudala kakhulu kukankulunkulukazi, okuxhumene nenhlanhla futhi kugujwa ngoJuni 24 ngemikhosi edumile.
Inkolo yomphakathi neyimfihlo yaseFortuna
ERoma lasendulo, uFortuna wadlala i-a papel kokubili ekukhulekeleni obala nasekuzinikeleni ngasese. Ithonya layo lafinyelela emathempelini amakhulu nama-altare amancane asekhaya.
Ekhaya, wayehlonishwa ethempelini i-lararia, ama-altare amancane okwakunikelwa kuwo ukuze acele isivikelo. Emkhakheni womphakathi, inkolo yakhe yasungulwa ngokwakhiwa kwezindawo ezingcwele ezinkulu, njengethempeli elisethempelini. Inkundla yeBoarium.
I-Iconography kanye nezimfanelo ze-Fortuna
Kwezobuciko, uFortuna wayemelwe ngezinhlobonhlobo izimfanelo eyayibonisa umsebenzi wabo phakathi kwezinganekwane zamaRoma:
- I-cornucopia: Uphawu lokuchichima nokuchuma.
- Iphini lokuqondisa: Imelela ikhono layo lokuqondisa ukuphila komuntu.
- Isondo lemali: Ibonisa ukungazinzi nezinguquko zesiphetho.
- Imodius: Okuxhumene nokuzala kanye nokuvikelwa kwezinsiza zokudla.
Kwezinye izikhathi, wayemelwe nge- ukuvala amehlo, egqamisa isimo sayo esingalindelekile.
Ubudlelwano nenkolo yasebukhosini kanye nomthelela wayo emphakathini
Njengoba iRoma ikhula iba umbuso, inkolo kaFortuna yaqala ukubusa isimo sezepolitiki. Ababusi abanjengo-Augustus noDomitian bathuthukisa ukukhulekela kwakhe, behlobanisa isithombe sakhe nokuzinza koMbuso.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amadolobha amaningi athatha iFortuna njengomvikeli wawo, eqinisekisa inkolo yakhe kuyo yonke indawo yombuso. Imikhosi yabo yaba imicimbi ethandwayo, lapho kwakungagcini nje ngokuhlonishwa unkulunkulukazi, kodwa imidlalo nemikhosi yayihlelwa.
Phakathi namakhulu eminyaka, isibalo seFortuna saguqulwa, savumelana nezinkolelo zenkathi ngayinye. Ngokufika kobuKristu, inkolo yakhe yalahlekelwa ukuvelela, nakuba ifa lakhe lisabele Isiko laseNtshonalanga, okuthonya imiqondo yesimanje yenhlanhla nesiphetho.
